1. What is the process by which a species becomes better suited to its environment?
A. Variation
B. Adaptation
C. Selection
D. Adjustment
2. Of the four plant groups, which one probably evolved first?
A. Angiosperms
B. Ferns
C. Mosses
D. Gymnosperms
3. Which one of the following is an example of a postzygotic reproductive barrier?
A. Hybrid sterility
B. Habitat isolation
C. Incompatible anatomy
D. Gamete isolation
4. Most fungi live by decomposing the remains of plants, animals, and microbes found in
soil. That is why most fungi are called
A. mushrooms.
B. saprotrophs.
C. lichens.
D. mycelium
1. Scientists who argue that modern humans evolved from a single population believe that humans came from the continent of
A. Europe.
B. Africa.
C. Asia.
D. South America.
2. Any trace of a dead organism, such as an imprint in a rock, is called a
A. homologous structure.
B. transitional form.
C. strata.
D. fossil.
3. Most scientists now believe that birds evolved directly from bipedal
A. amphibians.
B. lizards.
C. dinosaurs.
D. marsupials.
4. The similarity of the characteristics of sheep and reindeer is due to their having a common ancestor. This sort of phenomenon is called
A. homology.
B. convergent evolution.
C. taxonomy.
D. parallel evolution.
1. What do biologists call the process when allele frequencies in a population of a species change over time due to chance?
A. Gene flow
B. Nonrandom mating
C. Genetic drift
D. Bottleneck effect
2. In vascular plants, which of these parts conducts water and minerals upward from the roots?
A. Xylem
B. Lignin
C. Phloem
D. Fronds
3. Amoebas move by using extensions of their cytoplasm called
A. cilia.
B. pseudopods.
C. vacuoles.
D. sporozoa.
4. The structure of the forelimb of a bird is similar in structure to that of the forelimb of a mammal, suggesting that both descended from a common ancestor. This similarity is an example of _______ evidence that supports the theory of evolution.
A. biochemical
B. vestigial
C. anatomical
D. biogeographical
1. The varieties of beak structures among Galapagos finches is a good example of
A. adaptive radiation.
B. allopathic speciation.
C. random radiation.
D. sympatric evolution
2. Which one of these creatures is an echinoderm?
A. Grasshopper
B. Spider
C. Crab
D. Sea star
3. In biology, the members of a single species occupying the same area and reproducing with one another is called a
A. herd.
B. gene pool.
C. group.
D. population.
4. A virus that reproduces in a bacterium is called a
A. lysogene.
B. retrovirus.
C. phage.
D. viroid.
1. An element that speeds up chemical reactions is called a/an
A. enzyme.
B. calorie.
C. substrate.
D. solvent.
2. A substance that’s attracted to water molecules is called
A. hydrophobic.
B. cohesive.
C. hydrophilic.
D. adhesive.
3. Short, hairlike projections called _______ enable the motion of some eukaryotic cells.
A. cilia
B. actinites
C. centrioles
D. microtubules
4. Biology is the study of
A. animals.
B. the physical world.
C. plants.
D. life.
