Business Explain the difference between the concepts of formal and informal essay Organization Studies
Explain the difference between the concepts of formal and informal organization. What are the similarities and differences between scientific management and human relations theory in terms of these concepts?
I will provide the essay document I have worked on my own, you can continue writing from where I have left off, the essay is a little bit unstructured, I’d appreciate it if you could restructure it. If there are any unnecessary point I have made, you could maybe edit it out.
Ive lacked in examples for formal and informal organization structure part as well.
For scientific management, you could explain how frederick winslow taylor popularized this management style, and maybe use hawthorne’s experiment for examples.
additional reference for scientific management and human relations theory:
Edwards, R. (1979) Contested terrain: the transformation of the workplace in the
twentieth century. London: Heinemann
Littler, C.R. (1982) The development of the labour process in capitalist societies: a
comparative study of the transformation of work organization in Britain, Japan and the
USA. London: Heinemann
Friedman, A.L. (1977) Industry and labour: class struggle at work and monopoly
capitalism. Basingstoke: Macmillan
Littler, C.R. (1985) “Taylorism, Fordism and job re-design.” In: Knights D., Willmott, H.
& Collinson D.L. (eds.) Job redesign: critical perspectives on the labour process.
London: Macmillan
Schwartzman H., (1993) Ethnography in Organizations. Qualitative Research Methods
Series, Volume 27. Newbury Park, CA: Sage. [Hawthorne studies]. Basic
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Carey A. (1967). ‘The Hawthorne Studies: A Radical Criticism’, American Sociological
Review 32 (4), pp 403-416
Shenhav, Y. (1999) Manufacturing rationality: the engineering foundations of the
managerial revolution. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Advanced
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