Fall 2015
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8
Historically, most regulation has focused on the disclosure of relevant information, thereby putting all investors on an equal playing field.
The Securities Act of 1933 and the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
These Acts provide the basic regulatory framework for the public trading of securities in the United States. The 1933 Act focuses on the issuance of securities, while the 1934 Act established the SEC and addressed other regulatory issues, such as insider trading and corporate reporting.
Sarbanes-Oxley
Following the scandals at Enron, WorldCom, and Tyco, among others, “Sarbox” was enacted in 2002. This Act significantly increased the auditing and reporting requirements that public firms face, and it also explicitly placed the responsibility for any fraud on the corporate directors.
As with any law, however, there is a cost. In response to the added burden, many (particularly small) firms have delisted and others have foregone going public. For others, the cost of compliance has significantly increased, thereby reducing profits.
SAP Introduction
SAP stands for Systems, Applications, and Products in Data processing
Very successful Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) solution which is used to highly integrate business processes.
Fall 2015
9
9
SAP Introduction Name of Company and Software
Name of the Company
SAP AG (Walldorf)
SAP America (New Town Square)
Name of the Software
SAP R/2
SAP R/3
SAP ERP
Fall 2015
10
10
SAP Introduction Company Statistics
SAP AG
Founded in Walldorf, Germany in 1972
World’s Largest Business Software Company
World’s Third-largest Independent Software Provider
Company Statistics
Over 40,000 employees in more then 50 countries
1500 Business Partners
36,200 customers in more then 120 countries
12 million users
100,600 installations
Fall 2015
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SAP is the world’s largest inter-enterprise software company and the world’s third-largest independent software provider overall. We have a rich history of innovation and growth that has made us a true industry leader.
SAP Americas
12 Million Users. 100,600 Installations. 1,500 Partners.
SAP Americas is a subsidiary of SAP AG, the world’s largest inter-enterprise software company and the third-largest software supplier overall. SAP Americas’s corporate headquarters is located in Newtown Square, PA, a suburb of Philadelphia. Our officers and executives lead a team of professionals dedicated to delivering high-level customer support and services.
Founded in 1972 as Systems Applications and Products in Data Processing, SAP has a rich history of innovation and growth that has made us the recognized leader in providing collaborative business solutions for all types of industries — in every major market. The company, headquartered in Walldorf, Germany, employs more than 37,700 people in more than 50 countries, and serves more than 34,600 customers worldwide.
Experience, Knowledge, and Technology for Maximizing Business
SAP has leveraged our extensive experience to deliver mySAP Business Suite, the definitive family of business solutions for today’s economy. These solutions are open and flexible, supporting databases, applications, operating systems, and hardware from almost every major vendor. What’s more, mySAP Business Suite allows employees, customers, and business partners to work together successfully — anywhere, anytime.
By deploying the best technology, services, and development resources, SAP has delivered a business platform that unlocks valuable information resources, improves supply chain efficiencies, and builds strong customer relationships. And through the Global Solution Center, SAP Americas identifies customer needs and develops solutions to meet these needs.
SAP is listed on several exchanges, including the Frankfurt Stock Exchange and the New York Stock Exchange, under the symbol “SAP.”
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SAP Introduction From SAP R/3 to HANA
Database layer
From Oracle/ Ms SQL
To SAP HANA
Presentation layer
From SAP GUI
To SAP Fiori
Fall 2015
12
Central database stores all data and application programs.
The application gives access to the database to read and write data.
The presentation allows for input/output of data to the users
3-tier client server system
Web server
Internet transaction server
Brings it to a single database across the world.
What is Client-server Computing?
The short answer: Client/server is a computational architecture that involves client processes requesting service from server processes. The long answer: Client/server computing is the logical extension of modular programming. Modular programming has as its fundamental assumption that separation of a large piece of software into its constituent parts (“modules”) creates the possibility for easier development and better maintainability. Client/server computing takes this a step farther by recognizing that those modules need not all be executed within the same memory space. With this architecture, the calling module becomes the “client” (that which requests a service), and the called module becomes the “server” (that which provides the service). The logical extension of this is to have clients and servers running on the appropriate hardware and software platforms for their functions. For example, database management system servers running on platforms specially designed and configured to perform queries, or file servers running on platforms with special elements for managing files. It is this latter perspective that has created the widely-believed myth that client/server has something to do with PCs or Unix machines.
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SAP Introduction Software Applications
Industry Solutions (Business Suite & Business All in One)
SAP ERP
SAP CRM
SAP SCM
SAP SRM
SAP PLM
Digital (Business Suite & Business All in One)
SAP S/4 on HANA
Success Factors & Fieldglass
Ariba, Concur
Hybris
Fall 2015
13
13
SAP Introduction SAP 3-Tier Architecture
3-tier client-server architecture
Database layer
One single data repository
Application layer
One or more, help distribute work load
Client layer (Presentation layer )
Graphical User Interface or Web Interface (GUI)
Fall 2015
14
Central database stores all data and application programs.
The application gives access to the database to read and write data.
The presentation allows for input/output of data to the users
3-tier client server system
Web server
Internet transaction server
Brings it to a single database across the world.
What is Client-server Computing?
The short answer: Client/server is a computational architecture that involves client processes requesting service from server processes. The long answer: Client/server computing is the logical extension of modular programming. Modular programming has as its fundamental assumption that separation of a large piece of software into its constituent parts (“modules”) creates the possibility for easier development and better maintainability. Client/server computing takes this a step farther by recognizing that those modules need not all be executed within the same memory space. With this architecture, the calling module becomes the “client” (that which requests a service), and the called module becomes the “server” (that which provides the service). The logical extension of this is to have clients and servers running on the appropriate hardware and software platforms for their functions. For example, database management system servers running on platforms specially designed and configured to perform queries, or file servers running on platforms with special elements for managing files. It is this latter perspective that has created the widely-believed myth that client/server has something to do with PCs or Unix machines.
14
Enterprise Resource Planning ERP and Business Processes
Enterprise Resource Planning
System that integrate the management of core business processes end to end within an Enterprise
Benefits
Integration / Improve profitability, productivity and reduce TCO
Standardization / Governance/ Single source of truth / Improve productivity
Audit trail / Governance and risk reduction
Immediate availability of data (reports) / Financial management
Business Processes
Sequence of tasks or activities that produce desired outcomes
Key processes
Operations
Finance and Accounting
Human Resources
Sales and Distribution
Procurement
Processes interrelated with other processes
Processes may have sub-processes
Regardless of their type or size, successful organizations and industries use processes and enterprise systems to complete the work needed to achieve their goals.
A business process, illustrated in Figure 1-2, is a set of tasks or activities that produce desired outcomes.
Because different functional areas or departments carry out the various process steps, effective communication and collaboration among the departments is essential to the smooth execution of these processes.
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Enterprise Resource Planning Integrated Processes
Order to Cash
Procurement to Pay
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Sales Order
Capacity Materials
Load schedule
Procurement
Receiving
Manufacturing
Shipping
Billing
Incoming Payment
Sourcing
Purchase Order
Receiving
Invoice receipt
Outgoing payment
Enterprise Resource Planning Integrated Sub-processes
Month End-Close
